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Is Climate change effecting supplies of Nori?
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Reports by Kyodo News in Nagoya, Japan are stating that climate change is threatening a major japanese industry - Nori.
Cultivating seaweed has been a strong business since the late Edo period, though it seems that this is changing. Nori is traditionally known for wrapping around sushi, yet for traditional Japanese breakfast is it also served with rice, miso soup, fish, salad and green tea. A common ingredient which dates back prior to World War II. Since the end of World War II coffee, black tea and bread has been a substitute. To harvest seaweed, Fishermen traditionally used to go out to sea together between late September and early October to stretch nets attached with spores of seaweed on the surface of the water. These spores would mature within 40days and the fishermen would then harvest the nori until spring. Though due to major changes the annual production has plunged from more than £4,000,000.00 in the 1990's to about half in more recent years. Why you may ask? Construction of Osaka International Airport or Centrair which has been built on an artifical island caused a lot of fishing grounds to disappear. Local market demaned slowed down due to increase of Western foods and hence a shortage of successors. Now it seems that climate change is also contributing to the lack of seaweed production. With seawater staying warm longer, the fishermen are now having to wait until the seawater reaches the ideal 23 degrees prior to spreading their nets. This means that October is now when this can occur. Other parts of Japan are also suffering a similar phenomenon. In northwest Kyushu, the harvest season has shortened which is of course reducing the yield. Climate change seems to be also changing the ecology of some of the marine creatures. Various types of mullet and opaleye use to move out to open waters during winter. Though Aichi Fisheries Research Institute are now seeing the species staying in the warmer waters and inturn feeding on the nori. Migratory ducks flying into Japan for winter are also arriving at the same time as the Fishermen would be laying their nori nets. It has been reported by a Fisheries Co-operative in Tokoname, Aichi Prefecture that these ducks are causing millions of pounds in damage. Development of land for housing has seen a decrease of inland ponds for ducks, so they are now using coastal areas. Also it is attributed to people feeding the ducks as well. Combining weather, climate change, peak oil and dwindling stocks and human changes to the environment will Nori supplies continue to be available from Japan? Or will there be a further loss of natural product which is so important to the Japanese diet and commonly so in our European diets. With these factors, the supply of Japanese Nori is dwindling and hence sources of nori will need to be supplied from elsewhere. Some of these supplies may indeed not be "healthy option". Next time you eat sushi, perhaps you could enquire where the Nori is sourced from. Information sourced for this article was supplied by Kyodo News, Nagoya and Japanese Times Newspaper. |
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